Simple Python Turtle Graphic and Code: Spirograph 7

YouTube Excerpt: A geometric image created "without lifting the pen" and with points on invisible circumference as guide. Feel free to copy the simple Python Turtle code that is given below. Don't hesitate to ask questions about the code if you have any. Enjoy! Please comment, like, or subscribe :) Incidentally, for manually colorable graphics and variations, please visit my author site at https://www.amazon.com/author/basicpythonturtleart.url import turtle t = turtle.Turtle() #Definitions and Initializations screen = turtle.Screen() t.speed(7) t.pensize(4) radius = 250 #Changeable to a number close to 250; Size of graphic number_of_points = 18 #Changeable; Count of ordered pairs on circumference of invisible circle list_of_points = [] #Initialization of set named list_of_points def set_of_points(radius): #Procedure for adding orderd pairs to the set named list_of_points for i in range(number_of_points): #Loop to list ordered pairs number_of_points times new_point = t.position() #Temporary assignment of current ordered pair to new_point list_of_points.append(new_point) #Addition of ordered pair in new_point to the set list_of_points t.circle(radius, 360 / number_of_points) #Search for new point by the circumference-traveling turtle t.penup() #Python_Graphic start of drawing procedure t.goto(0, -radius) #Trail-less movement of turtle to the point with given coordinates set_of_points(radius) #Function call to add orderd pairs to the set named list_of_points t.pendown() for i in range(number_of_points): #Loop to draw the basic pattern of spirograph number_of_points times t.setheading(t.towards(0,0)) #Direction initialization for turtle before drawing a basic pattern t.color("red") #Changeable dominant color t.circle(1.3 * radius, 30) #Drawing of first portion of first 60-degree arc t.color("green") #Changeable to a color not the same as the dominant one above t.circle(1.3 * radius, 30) #Drawing of second portion of first 60-degree arc t.right(120) #Turtle rotation before drawing the second 60-degree arc t.circle(0.75 * radius, 60) #Drawing of second 60-degree arc if i == number_of_points - 1: #Conditional execution if the third arc to be drawn belongs to last pattern t.setheading(t.towards(list_of_points[0])) #Turtle rotation to head towards first point in the set list_of_points t.right(30) #Adjustment in turtle rotation to ensure the 60-degree arc ends on point t.color("red") #Changeable to the color specified as dominant above t.circle((t.distance(list_of_points[0])), 60) #Drawing of third 60-degree arc else: #Conditional execution if the third arc to be drawn is not in last pattern t.setheading(t.towards(list_of_points[i + 1])) #Turtle rotation to head towards next point in the set list_of_points t.right(30) t.color("red") t.circle(t.distance((list_of_points[i + 1])), 60) t.hideturtle() screen.exitonclick()

A geometric image created "without lifting the pen" and with points on invisible circumference as guide. Feel free to copy the simple Python...

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